Valveless air pump



March 27, 1928.

l y `P. VOREAUXl VALVELESS AIR PUMP Filed June 22. 1925 Patented Mar. 27, .Y

A UNITED STATES PAUL voRnAUX, or raars, FRANCE, AssIGNon To ETABLISSEMENTS SAMGA a BAvoX y nnUNIs, errants, FRANCE.

vALvnLnss An PUMP.

I Application filed June 22, 1925, Serial-No. 38,792, yand in France .Tune 30, 1924..

' The.presentinventionhas fory its object improvements in the air pump forming the subject-matter of `my Patent No. 1,645,834, Oct. 18, 1927 and i'elating to the lubrication of the 'pivot bearings'imparting to the pistons their reciprocating motion, and the movement of rotation effecting the distribution. 4 v`According` to the present invention, the cylinders of the pump are disposed side by side, instead of occupying the diametri'cally opposite position, thus leaving/free one half of each bearing and permitting to :dispose therein a tube which-by dipp'inginto an oil bath in the casing-ensures the vlubrication of the said'bearing, whereof the hollow pivot allows the oil to rise into its interior; In order to obtain the equilibration, the pump comprises twoA cylinders which are lplacedy side by` side and pistons therein whose vpivot-s are outside of thespace between the axes of the! cylinders, and I disposeen the crankshaft at oppositesides of the pairof pistons two eccentricniasses producing with' the pistons av couple,- whichin the'plane of the axes of the cylinders-equilibrates the couple .due tof the straight displacement4 of the pistons, and, in the perpendicular plane, equilibrates the couplev "due to the movement of rotation of said pisy tons on their pivots.

The following description, with reference to the appended drawings which are given by way of example, sets forth the manner in which the inventionis carriedvinto effect..

Fig. 1 is a sectional View of the pump in accordance with the Vpresent invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of 'a piston at 900 Y Fig. 3 is a plan view, partiallyY in section, of the pistons and the crank.

As observed in the` figures, the cylinders.

and the pistons are disposed side by side, and the pivot bearings f3 are mounted upon the crank pins of the driving crank-l shaft Z) of the pump. Y

By this disposition I am enabled to Vdisengage the lower part of the pivot bearings and to secure to the latter the scoops 1 leading to the crank pin of the crank, and situated in line with the bored portions 2 formed in the interior of the pivots f2 f3. The pump operating mechanism is enclosed in the Casing 4 whose lower part contains the oil bath 5 in which the pipes 1 are immersed when the Vpistons descend. The scoop lubrication thus produced is most effective, for theoil leaving the vscoopsl will lubrivcate the crank pins and then, ascending in b through theniedium of the pivot bearings .Y

f2, f3-iiioiinted on the crank-pins of said crank-shaft. vThese'pivot-bearings have a slight to and fro. inoveinenty along' the crank pin and it W-illfbe'no'tedY that no connecting rods areiused' between the" piston and crank-shaft, the pivot bearings being all that is required.

. vAccordingly it will be understood thaty a revolutionA of the crank-shaft Z; will impart a. helicalmotion'v to the pistons, -vvhich means that each piston will have. a reciprocating motion Within its cylinder and will oscillate about its own axis. Themotion of each of the crank-pins may be considered as resolved into tivo components, one parallel tothe axis of the piston it actuates, and the other vat Yright angles to it. The first of these motions communicated to the piston will reciprocate it while the second motion at right-angles to the axis and at ar distance from it oscillates the piston. Asthe pivot oscillateswith the piston itA slides back and forth on the crankpin, the latter being made longer 'than the bearing of the-pivot to provide forthis inotion. f

In the case of the two cylinders shoivn in the drawings, in order to obtain the equilibration, the eccentric masses 7 and 8 are disposed on either side of the pair of pistons, whereof the pivots f2 f3 are outside of the axes of the cylinders; said masses are in the udiagonally opposite position with reference to the centre line of the crank, and their weights and positions are suitably calculated to produce a couple which in the vertical plane (Fig. 1) is opposed to the couple produced by the thrust of the pistons upon the crank in the direction of their straightV displacement in the interior of the cylinders. On the contrary, in a plane at o to the preceding (Fig. 3), the masses 7 and 8 will produce a couple acting against the resulting couple produced by the movements of rotation of the pistons in they interior of their cylinders.

Obviously, the pistons should be so calculated that the maximum couple resulting from the forces-due to-the movementjofl'os-f cillation, and the maximum coupledueto the straight movement, shall be equalwiiithe case of multi-cylindrical pumps,"diequili-A bration of the Whole apparatus may .be ensured by the coupling of groups ottavo' pistons as lhereinbefore. described. a a y p If onev considers the pumpl in the position represented in Fig. l, Where the piston lO vvis in its Vlowest position, While the piston .l1

17, efforts which constitute a couple v directly opposedto the couples Q ,and Q. It suitices to ycalculate the Weight of the masses7 and 8 'in order that the tvvo couples Willvbe destroyed and a perfect equilibrium oi" the as semblage Will be obtained. y

An analogouseX-planation shows that the same lmasses create in` the horizontal plane a' cou-ple represented on Fig. 3 Aby .the arrows (16a ,and 17a, which is opposed to thetorsion couple created bythe helicoidal movement of the piston, a couple which is directed in the direction of the arrows lll and 15, A It is equally easy-to calculate the couples 16a-.17aM in. order that the torsion eiiort which results on the crank shaft exactly overcomes the torsion eort produced bythe couple l4l-l`5"*. v.

O.hviously,. Without ldeparting from the principle ofthe invention, it may be suitably modified in detail. Y

The improvement in the lubrication might be applied to a `single cylinder or a multicylinder pump.

WhatIclaimis; l .n A. 'I Y l. A pump comprising af crank case, vtvvo cylinders disposed side by side, pistons co acting therewith, a crank shaft having two cranks 'a and extending ".'t-hrough' :-lthe said lcrzii1k '3is,e,-fec-:entric means connecting Veach piston with the crank and slidable along the v A*latte'rto'impart a helical movement to the pistons in their cylinders,:'MttyoV eccentric masses disposed' atithe respect-ive sides ol` the' pistons and iXed in dianvietrically; opposed direction on the crank sl'iaftffor obtaining the equilibration4 of the'inovingpaijts of the pump, the eccentric masses producing a couple which inthefplaneof tliengrls of the cylinders, equilibrates the ,couple` dueto the straight displacement of thepistons, and,

in a plane perpendicular 'to the first-men-V timed Plane @flublatslth Couple this" 'te the movementjogtf.rotation ,of Said latter thereby causing a-helical movemlll of l the pistons in their cylinders, twvojjecceiitric masses disposedat therespectivesides of the pair of pistons and fixed infdiametrically .Opposed direction ,on the fcrankshaftffor obtaininglthe equilibrationof the moving parts of the pump,;the eccentric masses producing a couplel which,v in the plane of; the airis/,of the cylinder equilibrates the c oiipleljdue "-to Vthe'straight displacement of the pistons, and,

in a plane perpendicular to'thetrst-,mentioned plane, equilibrates ,the couplevdue to `the movement ofrotation or' the said pistons upon theircoivn axes.

In testimony-that Iiclaim` ,the

my invention. I have signed my nameil'iereto.

PAUL voit-EAUX.

'so l 

